|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
This version was published on November
1, 2007
Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 38, No. 2,
251-267 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0021934705285719
Civil Rights Activism in 1960s Virginia
Simon Hall
Leeds University
The article explores civil rights activism in Virginia during the 1960s— namely, the NAACP's response to direct-action protests in the state, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's voter registration efforts, and the grassroots organizing of the Virginia Students' Civil Rights Committee. It uses these case studies to shed new light on important questions being debated by civil rights scholars—including the role of the NAACP, the relationship between the local and the national, the origins of Black Power, and the impact of the war in Vietnam on the civil rights movement.
Key Words: civil rights Virginia Black Power
References
- Banks, W.L. (1963, November 7). Memorandum to John Morsell. Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Braden, A. (1965). Experiment in Virginia. The Southern Patriot 23(7), 1-3.
- Carter, R.L. (1960, March 2). Memorandum to Roy Wilkins. Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Cook, R. (1998). Sweet land of liberty? The African-American freedom struggle in the twentieth century. London: Longman.
- Coulton, H. (1963a). January report, fourth congressional district of Virginia. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963b). January through March in the 4th congressional district. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963c). Virginia report: September through December in the fourth congressional district. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963d). Voter registration in Danville. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963e). Voter registration in Virginia. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963f). Voter registration in Virginia for April. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963g). Voter registration report for the month of February. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1963h). Voter's registration drive continues in Danville, Virginia. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Coulton, H. (1964a). Biographical information. Southern Christian Leadership Conference program division papers. Atlanta, GA: Martin Luther King Center for Nonviolent Change.
- Coulton, H. (1964b). The vote pays off in Petersburg. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Evans, S. (1980). Personal politics: The roots of women's liberation in the civil rights movement and the new left. New York: Vintage Books.
- Fairclough, A. (1995). Race & democracy: The civil rights struggle in Louisiana, 1915-1972. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
- Forman, J. (1985). The making of Black revolutionaries. Washington, DC: Open Hand.
- Foster, R. (n.d.). Notes on VSCRC. David Nolan papers, Box 6, Folder 11. Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Gunter, D.E. (1965, September 9). Letter to Andrew J. Young. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Hall, S. (2005). Peace and freedom: The civil rights and antiwar movements in the 1960s. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
- King, M. (1987). Freedom song: A personal story of the 1960s civil rights movement. New York: William Morrow.
- Michel, G.L. (1999). "We'll take our stand": The Southern Student Organizing Committee and the radicalization of White southern students, 1964-1969. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
- Naacp. (1960a, 25 February). Richmond police manhandle wife of former NAACP head (Press release). Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Naacp (1960b, 25 February). Virginians urged to stay out of stores that discriminate (Press release). Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Naacp. (1963). Statement of position on continuation of the Danville movement. Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Nolan, D. (n.d.-a). Book notes. David Nolan papers (Box 6, Folder 7). Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Nolan, D. (n.d.-b). A personal history of the Virginia students' civil rights committee. David Nolan papers, 1960-1987 (Box 6, Folder 7). Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Nolan, D. (n.d.-c). The story of VSCRC. David Nolan papers (Box 6, Folder 11). Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Pratt, R.A. (1996). New directions in Virginia's civil rights history. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, 104(1), 149-155.
- Reid, M.A. (1965, April 28). Letter to Ralph D. Abernathy. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954-1970 [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Sherrod, C. (1985, 12 May). The reminiscences of Charles Sherrod. Oral History Collection of Columbia University (Collection: Student Movements of the 1960s). New York: Columbia University.
- Southern Christian Leadership Conference. (1963a, January 21). Pickets protest voter registration hours (Press release). Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Southern Christian Leadership Conference. (1963b). SCLC registration drive ends in Danville. Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Southern Christian Leadership Conference. (1963c, July 17). SCLC's Danville, Va. unit intensifies voter registration amidst strife (Press release). [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Thomas, D.J. (1964, January 7). Letter to Clarence Olom. Papers of the NAACP (Part 25: Branch Department Files, Series B: Regional Files and Special Reports, 1956-1965, Group III, Series C, Branch Department Files cont., Box C-195, Special Reports cont., Virginia, `D' - `F', 1957-1965) [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.
- Tyson, T.B. (1999). Radio free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the roots of Black power. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- Virginia Students' Civil Rights Committee. ( 1966, July 11). Fund-raising letter. David Nolan papers (Box 6, Folder 9). Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Virginia Students' Civil Rights Committee. ( 1966, November 22). Minutes, VSCRC staff meeting. David Nolan papers (Box 6, Folder 6). Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society.
- Watson, D.L. (1993). Reassessing the Role of the NAACP in the civil rights movement. Historian 55, 453-468.[CrossRef][ISI]
- Wilkins, R. (1960, February 23). Telegram to J. M. Tinsley. Papers of the NAACP [microfilm]. New Haven, CT: Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library.

CiteULike Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati What's this?
|