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Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2, 251-274 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0021934705278781
© 2006 SAGE Publications

Strain, Social Support, and Retreatism Among African Americans

Sung Joon Jang

Louisiana State University

Jason A. Lyons

University of Miami

This study tests Agnew's general strain theory (GST) for African Americans, a population neglected in GST research. Specifically, we examined (a) the differential effects of inner-and outer-directed negative emotions on withdrawing behavior and (b) the conditioning effects of social support on the understudied, deviant coping behavior. OLS regression analyses of data from a national survey of African American adults provide empirical evidence that depression and anxiety have larger effects on withdrawing behavior than anger. Findings also provide some support for the hypothesis that social support tends to weaken or buffer the effects of nonangry emotions on withdrawing behavior.

Key Words: general strain theory • social support • negative emotions • withdrawing behavior • African Americans


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